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Most people will walk past a fire safety extinguisher and ignore it. For them it is merely a red cylinder with no real purpose. The majority of people have never used a fire safety extinguisher and many of them never will. That cylinder will forever be a mystery to them. However, a fire extinguisher is a life-saving device and learning how to use one should be the goal of every single person. There are about a dozen different types, so this article will concentrate on three of the main ones: water, foam and dry powder analysing what type of fires they should be used for, what their dangers are and how they should be utilised.
The water and water spray fire safety extinguishers are the cheapest available. This also makes them the most limited. When dealing with people’s lives, it is best to spare no expense, though water has its uses. Water spray is far more effective than water jets and is useful for fires involving wood, plastics and paper etc. The dry powder type is far superior to water and can be used on the same kind of materials as water. In addition, it can take care of oil based fires and is safe to use on live electrical equipment. Foam extinguishers are also ideal for fires involving solids.
The dangers with water extinguishers are manifold. They should not be used on oil fires because they simply won’t work and use on electrical fires could prove to be fatal. Although dry powder fire extinguishers are versatile, they don’t do a good job of cooling fires and great care must be taken to ensure that the fire does not flare up again. Foam should not be used in the home nor should it be used on liquid fires.
When using a water fire safety extinguisher, point and spray at the base of the fire. Water cools the fuel surfaces and a spray is effective because the water covers a greater surface area than a jet release. These extinguishers usually contain surfactants which help the water penetrate deep into the burning material. Use the dry powder to attack the fire and force it to the far edge until it is out. It works by acting as a thermal ballast which makes the flames too cool for chemical reactions to continue. They quickly knockdown the fire but they may not keep it out. For solid fires, point the foam extinguisher at the base and move it across the area of the fire. For liquid fires in a container, point the spray at the inside edge of the container. Foam is usually water based, with the foaming agent designed to float on top of the burning material, breaking the contact between the flames and its fuel.
The next time you see a fire safety extinguisher, you should know how important it is and how you should use it. Remember, although a water fire extinguisher is better than nothing, it is not nearly as effective as its foam or dry powder equivalent. Know what fires to use them on, find out how to use them and try and learn how they work for a greater understanding of how to deal with fires.